Module 5 - Section 3 段落填空 - Part 2 - Exercise 9

Module 5 - Section 3 段落填空 - Part 2
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练习说明

Questions 23-26
Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.

原文

B I believe that feedback in the system will bring answers to the food problem. As we start hitting periods of shortages, there is typically more commitment to investment in agriculture to increase productivity. Agricultural markets are dynamic, prices reflect scarcity, and the kind of food we produce and eat can alter. As water becomes more scarce, farmers are probably going to switch to crops that are less water-intensive or that rely on drip irrigation. Or as food prices rise, maybe people won't eat quite as much meat especially not as much as they eat in the USA — and that will have an impact on the demand side. We can either adapt and start using land and water more efficiently, or people will continue to suffer.

C There’s a big gap between farmers' yields and experimental yields, that is the highest that can be achieved. In places like Nebraska in the USA, farmers are probably close to the yield ceiling on certain crops. But for most of the world — Africa, Asia and Latin America- other constraints are keeping farmers from reaching more than 50 percent of the yields achieved in the USA. There are steps that can be taken to improve the situation. For example, are there adequate incentives for farmers to grow crops in more efficient ways? Should we introduce policies that stabilize prices, so that farmers can invest in increasing crop yields? Do farmers need better roads to access markets, or credit to buy fertilizer?

E Scientists know for sure that temperatures are going to increase, which will reduce crop productivity after a certain threshold, people say, well, in the United States, if we have warmer temperatures, won't that increase wheat production, for example? Yes, up to a point — then there is likely to be a huge decrease. Temperature affects evaporation and moisture stress on crops. With the temperature increases that are projected for the next 40 to 50 years, we're going to start to see a falling off in production in many parts of the world, particularly in the tropics and subtropics, As the planet warms there may be more moisture in the atmosphere overall, but it won’t necessarily produce rainfall where you want it, or when you want it.

The difficulties facing farmers
第 23 题
Crop yields around the world vary immensely. For example, while the production of certain crops in Nebraska in the USA almost reaches the production _____., farmers in other parts of the world are producing approximately 50 per cent of this figure. As global temperatures increase, the problem of food production is likely to get worse. Higher temperatures may bring initial benefits such as increased levels of atmospheric ____ but rainfall will be unpredictable. The most likely outcome is a large ____ in the amount of food produced.
第 24 题
Crop yields around the world vary immensely. For example, while the production of certain crops in Nebraska in the USA almost reaches the production ____., farmers in other parts of the world are producing approximately 50 per cent of this figure. As global temperatures increase, the problem of food production is likely to get worse. Higher temperatures may bring initial benefits such as increased levels of atmospheric _____ but rainfall will be unpredictable. The most likely outcome is a large ____ in the amount of food produced.
第 25 题
Crop yields around the world vary immensely. For example, while the production of certain crops in Nebraska in the USA almost reaches the production ____., farmers in other parts of the world are producing approximately 50 per cent of this figure. As global temperatures increase, the problem of food production is likely to get worse. Higher temperatures may bring initial benefits such as increased levels of atmospheric ____ but rainfall will be unpredictable. The most likely outcome is a large _____ in the amount of food produced.
第 26 题
There are a number of possible ways in which food production can be improved. Genetical engineered crops have advantages, but there are also traditional crops that offer resistance to high temperatures and water shortages. These traditional foods were under-exploited in the past because of the tendency to produce certain common crops like _____,rather than a variety of local species.
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