Questions 18-22 Complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 18-22 on your answer sheet.
原文
B All agriculture damages the environment. Take for example the felled forests and the common use of irrigation systems. And it may surprise you to know that agriculture creates more greenhouse gases than all methods of transport put together. Livestock farming does the most damage. In part, that is because most livestock eat grain that could be used to feed human populations, and farmers are forced to grow more than we would otherwise need to meet the demand. Altogether, if we switched to a vegan diet, meaning no meat, dairy or eggs, the land currently required for crops would drop by an estimated 21 per cent, about 3.4 million hectares, roughly the size of India.
C One environmental impact that would also lessen through a reduction in animal farming would be that of the nitrogen emitted from agricultural processes, which spreads into both waterways and land. According to environmental scientist Allison Leach, if everyone eliminated dairy products and eggs, this kind of pollution would fall by 60%. Livestock production has another serious environmental impact. Global statistics are hard to come by, but in the US at least, livestock account for 55% of erosion, mostly from forests being cut down to make way for grazing land. On top of this, half of all antibiotics manufacture are fed to livestock as part of their normal diet, a practice that is leading to drug-resistant bacteria.
How does agriculture damage the environment?
第 18 题
Agriculture causes significant harm to the environment in a number of ways, including the frequent use of _____ in modern farming and the cutting down of trees. It is also responsible for the production of many greenhouse gases, more so than ____ is. However, it is livestock farming in particular that is most harmful, because cows, chickens and sheep, for example, are given vast quantities of grain which could be consumed by people instead. A meat-free diet would mean that actually less ____ could be used for crops. Far less chemical pollution, specifically in the form of ____, would also be released into the environment, especially if consumers cut out dairy and egg products as well as meat. In the US, there is clear evidence that considerable ____ is caused by the demand for grazing land, although there is no information on this from other countries.
正确答案：irrigation
第 19 题
Agriculture causes significant harm to the environment in a number of ways, including the frequent use of ____ in modern farming and the cutting down of trees. It is also responsible for the production of many greenhouse gases, more so than _____ is. However, it is livestock farming in particular that is most harmful, because cows, chickens and sheep, for example, are given vast quantities of grain which could be consumed by people instead. A meat-free diet would mean that actually less ____ could be used for crops. Far less chemical pollution, specifically in the form of ____, would also be released into the environment, especially if consumers cut out dairy and egg products as well as meat. In the US, there is clear evidence that considerable ____ is caused by the demand for grazing land, although there is no information on this from other countries.
正确答案：transport
第 20 题
Agriculture causes significant harm to the environment in a number of ways, including the frequent use of ____ in modern farming and the cutting down of trees. It is also responsible for the production of many greenhouse gases, more so than ____ is. However, it is livestock farming in particular that is most harmful, because cows, chickens and sheep, for example, are given vast quantities of grain which could be consumed by people instead. A meat-free diet would mean that actually less _____ could be used for crops. Far less chemical pollution, specifically in the form of ____, would also be released into the environment, especially if consumers cut out dairy and egg products as well as meat. In the US, there is clear evidence that considerable ____ is caused by the demand for grazing land, although there is no information on this from other countries.
正确答案：land
第 21 题
Agriculture causes significant harm to the environment in a number of ways, including the frequent use of ____ in modern farming and the cutting down of trees. It is also responsible for the production of many greenhouse gases, more so than ____ is. However, it is livestock farming in particular that is most harmful, because cows, chickens and sheep, for example, are given vast quantities of grain which could be consumed by people instead. A meat-free diet would mean that actually less ____ could be used for crops. Far less chemical pollution, specifically in the form of _____, would also be released into the environment, especially if consumers cut out dairy and egg products as well as meat. In the US, there is clear evidence that considerable ____ is caused by the demand for grazing land, although there is no information on this from other countries.
正确答案：nitrogen
第 22 题
Agriculture causes significant harm to the environment in a number of ways, including the frequent use of ____ in modern farming and the cutting down of trees. It is also responsible for the production of many greenhouse gases, more so than ____ is. However, it is livestock farming in particular that is most harmful, because cows, chickens and sheep, for example, are given vast quantities of grain which could be consumed by people instead. A meat-free diet would mean that actually less ____ could be used for crops. Far less chemical pollution, specifically in the form of ____, would also be released into the environment, especially if consumers cut out dairy and egg products as well as meat. In the US, there is clear evidence that considerable _____ is caused by the demand for grazing land, although there is no information on this from other countries.