练习说明
段落填空 题目要求： 阅读文段，从文中挑选原词补全句子，每道题目都有特定的字数要求，以黑体加粗字标示。请把答案填到每题空缺处。
Questions 1 - 3
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.
原文
Some time before 1565, an enormous deposit of the soft, dark grey mineral now known as graphite was discovered in the Borrowdale district of the county. Then, as now, Cumberland was a farming area, and the locals found the mineral useful for marking their sheep so they could identify the ones that belonged to them. It was thought to be a form of lead, and so was referred to as plumbago, a term deriving from the Latin name for that element. However, the mineral was later identified as a form of carbon, and in 1789 the German geologist Abraham Gottlob Werner renamed it graphite, a word based on the ancient Greek grapho, meaning 'draw' or write.
The graphite found at Borrowdale was extremely dense and it could easily be sawn into sticks to be used for marking, writing or drawing. But because graphite is also soft, it requires some form of encasement around it, and so the sticks were initially wrapped in string for stability and ease of use. The news of the usefulness of these early pencils spread far and wide, attracting the attention of artists throughout Europe.
In England, the government soon realised the value of the Borrowdale find, particularly for national defence purposes, because graphite proved ideal for lining the moulds used in the making of cannon balls. The mines were therefore taken over by the government, which guarded and periodically flooded them to prevent theft. Because of this, there were occasions when supplies for use in pencils had to be smuggled out in secret. Nevertheless, England still became the centre of a thriving pencil-making industry.